The Ames Test

The Ames Test

—How and Why Mutagenicity Testing Became a Part of Environmental Science and Regulation since the 1970s.—   The Ames test was developed in the early 1970s by Bruce N. Ames (1928–2024) to detect whether chemicals cause genetic mutations in bacteria. It...
Agricultural techniques in the twentieth century

Agricultural techniques in the twentieth century

—Received views and their limits in the history of agriculture, with illustrations from the United States and South Asia.—   Agriculture is central to our understanding of the modern world. Dominant historical models of the twentieth century,...
The Global History of Science and Technology

The Global History of Science and Technology

—Is our problem lack of knowledge or what we know?—   There is a long tradition in the historiography of science and technology, and indeed in STS, of complaining that we know little about the relations of knowledge, technical practices and society....
On care

On care

—A feminist category for rethinking knowledge(s) in a world in crisis.—   The COVID-19 pandemic showed us to what extent our survival as a species relies not only on the care we receive, but also on the care we provide to others, from the beginning of...
Controversy, Control, and Cosmetics in Early Modern Italy

Controversy, Control, and Cosmetics in Early Modern Italy

—In a society that damned women for both plainness and adornment, wearing makeup became a defiant act of survival.—   “Everyone hates to see make-up on his wife,” declares the character Lionardo in the Renaissance treatise On the Family (1433), “but...
Chemical analysis and composition

Chemical analysis and composition

—How practical methods and interpretations of composition evolved in eighteenth-century chemical analysis.—   Composition is a central aspect of modern chemistry. Various substances are identified by some aspect of their elementary composition,...